Two-cycle internal-combustion engine



6. LAWSON ET AL TWO-CYCLE INTERNAL- comaus'r'rou ENGINE Nov. 10, 1925' Filed May 11. 1923 6607' ZZlWJarp, Z ale icizard INVENTORS Patented Nov. 10,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE;

GEORGE LAWSON'AYND RICHARD c. LENT, .13.,OFBROOKLYN; NEW YORK.

I TWO-CYCLE INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed May 11,1923. Serial No. 638,298.

One of the objects of the invention is the construction of an engine wherein the gas is compressed and heated withinthe same before its entrance into thecombustion chamber, thereby increasing the power and eliminating the use of other outside .cylinders now employed for this purpose. Another object of the invention is the provision of an engine wherein the use of valves and cam shafts are dispensed with, thereby elin'linating the grinding of valve seat and the replacement of cam shafts. 7

Another object of the invention is the provision of an internal combustion engine so constructed as to prevent leakage of the gas from the cylinders upon the compression stroke of the piston thus rendering it unnecessary to constantly keep tightening the crank shaft bearings and also permittlng the crank case to be open whereby access may behad to the crank shaft, piston and connecting rod for the purpose of removing the same.

Another object of the invention is the provision of an engine having a. double piston, operable in a pair of cylinders, one of the I cylinders havinga removable head so. that the pistons may be withdrawn for cleaning the same.

A still further object is to provide a twocycle engine in which base explosions, which nated.

. Astill further object is to construct an internal combustion enginewhich is exceedingly simple in construction and operation,

cheap of manufacture and highly eflicient for the purpose intended.

Withthese and other objects in view the invention resides in the-certain novel con-" struction, combination and arrangement of parts, the essential featuresv of which are hereinafter fully described .in the-specification, are particularly pointed out .m the through our improved engine.

by means ofbolts or the like.

claims and are illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is avertical sectional view Figure 2 is a horizontal sectional ,view

therethrough, on the line 22 of Figure 1. Like characters of reference refer to like parts throughout the several views of the drawing.

Referring more particularly to the drawing, the reference numeral 10 designates what weshall term an outer cylinder, and 11 an inner cylinder. The inner cylinder 11 is arranged within the outer cylinder 10 and is spaced therefrom so as to define a compression chamber 12. This cylinder is c011 centric with the vertical axis of the cylinder 10, and the same is open at. both ends, the

top end terminating midway between the length of the outer cylinder, and the lower end extending. below the outer cylinder and provided with an annular flange 13. flange 13 receives. the ends of a plurality of The stanchions 14 rising from the base 15, and

adapted to support the cylinders. The outer cylinder 10 is openat its lower end and is provided with an annular flange 16 for connection with the flange 13 of the cylinder 11 v The upper end of the outer cylinder 10-is formed with an annular water jacket 17 whereby the cylinder maybe cooled by either water or air, and closing the top of the cylinder 10 is a head 18. This head is also water jacketed and is secured tothe cylinder by means of.

bolts 19, whereby the same may be readily removed for a purpose to be presently de scribed. y q V y 5 Slidable within the cylinder-s10 and 11 are pistons 20' and 21 respectively, the said pistons being fastened together at their tops by means of bolts 22, whereby the two move as a single unit. The piston 20 is, of course, larger in diameterthan the piston 21, butthe piston 21 is longer than. the piston 20,

inder 11 when the piston isat its lowermost point of travel. The piston 20 is provided near-its top'withpiston rings 23. and the piston 21 ls'lik'ewise provided with piston rings 24, but arranged at thelower' end of thepiston. By the arrangement of the piswill be seen that any possibility of the es "'P of gas P he 'e mpression stroke and terminates at the lower end of the cyl- I of the pistons will be reduced to a minimum.

The cylinder is formed with an inlet pression chamber 12. The numeral 27 designates an exhaust port which communicates chamber), the intake'andfexliaust with the chamber 26 and'with the atmosphere, the same being disposed diametrically opposite the inlet port 25.- Formed in'the cylinder 11 and communicating .with' the chamber 12 is an inlet passage 28, having arranged therein a check valve 29 which permits gas to be sucked into the chamber 12 from the carburetor (not shown), or other source of supply, upon the upward stroke of the pistons, and preventing the escape of gas from the chamber 12 uponthe downward stroke of the pistons. 'A connecting rod 30 has one end secured to the inner piston 21 by means of a wrist pin- 31, and'the other end of the connecting rod is secured toa crank 32, of the crankshaft mounted for rotation in bearings 33 carried-by the base 15, one end of said crankshafthaving secured thereto a fl wheel 34." Thebase supports an oilont 3 5": for the accom modation of oil employediforoilin the connection of the rod 30 withgtlieic'ra 32.

In operation, and upontheiupward stroke of the pistons (it being .understood that a,

charge of gas has entered the combustion v rts 25 and 27 will be closed by 'the, outer p1ston20, and the gas within the chamber 26 com pressed. When the pistons; have. reached their extreme upward. movement, the ignition takes place by reason of thetiming'fofwtlie spark produced by the spark plug'36 arranged in the head 18'. This explosion caums the downward movement of the pistons thereby compressing the gas the. chamber 12 which has previously been drawninathrough the valve 29 and inlet passage 28 during the upward stroke. -When{ the pistons are a their lowermost position the ports 25 and 27 are uncovered so as to permit the escape of the scavenger gases through the port 27, and

at the same time allows" the. compressed gase's within the chamber 12 to rush into the chamber 26 through .the port, 25.- The piston is provided at its topwith a baflie 37 which. is arrangedad]acent the inlet port when the piston is in its. lowermost position, the same serving to deflecttheinrushmggases in an upward direction so as to ass st in forcing out the scavenger gases. The cycle of operation is repeated so long as the engine isrunmng. e. i

It' will be noted that by constructing an engine in the manner described, the and 18 may be removed from the cylinder 10 and the piston 20'disconnected the .drawn from the top of the cylinder 10.

Should it be necessary to remove both the pistons, the connecting \rod is disconnected from either the inner cylinder or the crank shaft, and both pistons removed simultaneously. This is. very advantageous when it is desired to replace piston rings or remove carbon from the pistons or cylinders. It also simplifies the manner of removing these parts and by reason of the arrangement of the double piston, all possibility of the escape of gases is practically eliminated which also overcomes the necessity of keeping the crank shaft hearings in a tight condition as is the case in most two cycle engines, in order to prevent leakage through the case. Furthermore it is to be noted that the gases in the chamber 12 are compressed and heated by reason of its location near the combustion chamber, before their entrance into the combustion chamber, thereby increasing the power and fuel economy. Also the engine is free from any valves which may require grinding and cam shafts which are employed for operating the valves.

If desired the cylinder head 18 may be removed and a vaporizer headsubs tituted therefor in order to permit the engine to be run on kerosene.-

' While there has been shown and described I what we'deem the best embodiment of our invention it is to be understood that we do not desire to limit ourselves to the precise structural details herein described. but that. changes, alterations and modifications as come withinthe claims may be resorted to when desired. What is claimed as new is:

In an explosive engine, an open base, and an inner cylinder open at both ends and provided with an annular flange at its lowerend', a plurality of stanchions rising from said base and connected with said flange forsupporting. tlfe same, an outercylinder rovided with-a flange at its lower-end and olted to the flange of said inner cylinder, a pair of spaced pistons movable simultaneonsly within said inner and outer cylindersin the same idirectiomthe' space between said cylinders constitutinga compression chamber, means for removably securing said pistons together, and a removable head secured to the top of said outer cylinder whereby the removal of said head will permit withdrawal of said pistons through the top of said outer cylinder. I

In testimony whereof we have aflixed our signatures, 4

GEORGE Lawson. RICHARD c.- LENT, as; 

